INDICATIONS

ENBREL is indicated for reducing signs and symptoms, inducing major clinical response, inhibiting the progression of structural damage... Read More, and improving physical function in patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis. ENBREL can be initiated… Read More

Efficacy Data

Review ENBREL’s clinical study designs and results in treating patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis (PsO)


US Psoriasis Pivotal Trial

Recapture results after withdrawal and retreatment

Study Design

The US Psoriasis Pivotal Trial was a two-part, multicenter, phase 3 study consisting of a 24-week double-blind period followed by a 60-week withdrawal and retreatment period. A total of 652 patients with active but clinically stable plaque psoriasis involving at least 10% of body surface area (BSA) and a minimum Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score of 10. Patients were randomized to receive ENBREL 50 mg twice weekly (BIW, n=164), ENBREL 25 mg BIW (n=162), ENBREL 25 mg weekly (QW, n=160), or placebo (n=166) for 12 weeks. After Week 12, patients in the placebo group began blinded treatment with ENBREL 25 mg BIW.1,2

At Week 24, patients with 50% PASI improvement from baseline discontinued ENBREL treatment until disease relapse (loss of the 50% PASI improvement that was obtained by Week 24). Upon relapse, patients resumed blinded ENBREL therapy at the same dose they had received from Weeks 13 to 24.1

A post hoc analysis was conducted for an open-label extension (OLE), including 439 patients from the US Psoriasis Pivotal Trial after completing a minimum of 60 weeks in the primary study. Patients in the OLE received ENBREL 50 mg QW for the first 12 weeks followed by a dose escalation of 50 mg BIW for patients with an inadequate clinical response.3,4

  • Additional Study Details and Study Schema

Primary Endpoint

  • ~49% of patients achieved a PASI 75 score by Week 12 in the ENBREL 50 mg BIW group (n=164, last observation carried forward (LOCF)) vs 4% with placebo (n=166)
  • Recapture Results Through 60 Weeks
  • Recapture Results Through 132 Weeks

sPGA, static Physician's Global Assessment.

Global Psoriasis Pivotal Trial

12-week and 120-week results

Study Design

The Global Psoriasis Pivotal Trial was a 48-week, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, phase 3 trial of 611 adult patients with active but clinically stable PsO involving at least 10% of BSA and a minimum PASI score of 10. 583 patients received at least one dose of study drug and these were the 583 patients included in the primary analysis. Patients were randomized to receive ENBREL 50 mg (n=194), ENBREL 25 mg (n=196), or placebo (n=193) BIW over 12 weeks. After Week 12, all patients (N=583) received open-label ENBREL 25 mg BIW over 36 weeks. Patients were limited to low- to moderate-strength topical corticosteroids in the axillary, groin, and scalp regions. A post hoc analysis was conducted for an OLE, including 473 patients from the Global Psoriasis Pivotal Trial after completing a minimum of 36 weeks of open-label treatment. Patients in the OLE received ENBREL 50 mg QW.4,10,11

  • Additional Study Details and Study Schema
  • PASI Results at Week 12
  • PASI Results Through Week 120
  • Photos of Patients from the Global Psoriasis Pivotal Trial

ITT, intent-to-treat; LOCF, Last observation carried forward; mITT, modified intent-to-treat; NRI, nonresponder imputation; RCT, randomized controlled trial.

Additional Phase 3 Study

Patient-reported outcomes for pain and itch

Study Design

The Phase 3 Study was a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of 618 patients with active and clinically significant plaque psoriasis involving ≥10% BSA and a minimum PASI score of 10. Patients received ENBREL 50 mg BIW (n=311) or placebo BIW (n=307).16

  • Primary endpoint: PASI 75 at Week 1217
  • Select secondary endpoints: Patient assessment of itching at Week 12, patient assessment of improvement from baseline in skin pain at Week 12, patient-reported outcomes of itching and improvement from baseline in skin pain at Week 1217
  • The severity of skin pain and itch was assessed by patients based on a single-item questionnaire* rating it on a scale of 0 (none) to 10 (severe) for pain and 0 (none) to 5 (severe) for itch17

*Subjects were asked to rate their skin pain and itch as a component of a psoriasis clinical trial, so it can be reasonably assumed that the subjects answered this question attributing the skin pain and itch to their moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.

  • Additional Study Details and Study Schema

Primary Endpoint Result

  • 47% of patients achieved PASI 75 with ENBREL (mean baseline PASI=18.3)16
  • Itch Scores
  • Pain Scores

Scalp Involvement Study

Psoriasis Scalp Severity Index (PSSI) results for patients with PsO scalp involvement

Study Design

The ENBREL Scalp Involvement Study was a 24-week, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 124 patients with active but clinically stable plaque PsO involving BSA ≥10%, a minimum PASI score of 10, ≥30% involvement of the scalp surface area (SSA), and a minimum PSSI score of 15. Patients received ENBREL 50 mg BIW (n=62) or placebo BIW (n=62) over 12 weeks. After Week 12, patients received ENBREL 50 mg QW (if initially randomized to ENBREL 50 mg BIW, n=58) or ENBREL 50 mg BIW (if initially randomized to placebo, n=54).18,19

  • The objective of the ENBREL Scalp Involvement Study was to examine the efficacy of ENBREL in patients with moderate to severe plaque PsO with scalp involvement, primarily through PSSI assessments that evaluate plaque involvement of the scalp alone18
  • PSSI is a scalp-specific modification of PASI that evaluates the extent of involvement and severity of erythema, infiltration, and desquamation of the scalp in a single score (0-72)18
  • Primary endpoint: Percent improvement from baseline PSSI at Week 1218
  • Select secondary endpoints: PSSI 75 at Week 12, percent change in PSSI from Week 12 to Week 24 in subjects switching from placebo to ENBREL at Week 1218
  • Additional Study Details and Study Schema
  • PSSI Results
  • PASI Results
  • Photos of Patients in Scalp Involvement Study
  • Scalp Itch Scores
  • Scalp Pain Scores
Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA)
Learn about the psoriatic arthritis trial with Enbrel® (etanercept)

1 out of 3

PsO patients may develop PsA22

Learn about the PsA Trial with ENBREL

Pediatric Psoriasis Pivotal Study

Evaluated patients with plaque PsO between 4 and 17 years of age over 48 weeks

Study Design

The Pediatric Psoriasis Pivotal Study was a 48-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled US and Canadian study (parent study) in 211 patients with moderate to severe plaque PsO between 4 and 17 years of age. Patients were randomized in double-blind treatment to receive ENBREL once weekly (QW, dosing of 0.8 mg/kg up to a maximum dose of 50 mg, n=106) or placebo (n=105) over 12 weeks. After Week 12, all patients (N=208) received open-label ENBREL QW for 24 weeks. After Week 36, patients were re-randomized in double-blind treatment to receive ENBREL QW (n=69) or placebo (n=69) for 12 weeks. The primary study was followed up by a 264-week (5-year; N=182) OLE. All patients in the OLE received ENBREL QW.6,23,24

  • Additional Study Details and Study Schema

Primary Endpoint and Additional Efficacy Results

  • Primary endpoint: 57% of patients achieved PASI 75 with ENBREL vs 11% with placebo (P<0.001) at Week 1224
  • 52% of patients treated with ENBREL had an sPGA of clear or almost clear vs 13% of patients treated with placebo at Week 126
  • Prespecified exploratory endpoint: 69% mean PASI improvement with ENBREL vs 32% with placebo at Week 1228
  • OLE primary endpoint: Long-term safety profile for up to 264 additional weeks was assessed in an open-label extension study; no new safety signals were identified6
  • PASI Results Through 36 Weeks
  • PASI Results Through 312 Weeks
  • sPGA Results Through 36 Weeks
  • sPGA Results Through 312 Weeks
  • Results by Body Mass Index (BMI) Post Hoc Analysis

Prescription Enbrel® (etanercept) is administered by injection.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION AND INDICATIONS

SERIOUS INFECTIONS

Patients treated with ENBREL are at increased risk for developing serious infections that may lead to hospitalization or death. Most patients who developed these infections were taking concomitant immunosuppressants such as methotrexate or corticosteroids or were predisposed to infection because of their underlying disease. ENBREL should not be initiated in the presence of sepsis, active infections, or allergy to ENBREL or its components. ENBREL should be discontinued if a patient develops a serious infection or sepsis. Reported infections include: 1) Active tuberculosis (TB), including reactivation of latent TB. Patients with TB have frequently presented with disseminated or extrapulmonary disease. Test patients for latent TB before ENBREL use and periodically during therapy. Initiate treatment for latent infection prior to ENBREL use, 2) Invasive fungal infections, including histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, candidiasis, aspergillosis, blastomycosis, and pneumocystosis. Patients with histoplasmosis or other invasive fungal infections may present with disseminated, rather than localized, disease. Antigen and antibody testing for histoplasmosis may be negative in some patients with active infection. Consider empiric antifungal therapy in patients at risk for invasive fungal infections who develop severe systemic illness, and 3) Bacterial, viral, and other infections due to opportunistic pathogens, including Legionella and Listeria.

The risks and benefits of treatment with ENBREL should be carefully considered prior to initiating therapy in patients 1) with chronic or recurrent infection, 2) who have been exposed to TB, 3) who have resided or traveled in areas of endemic TB or endemic mycoses, or 4) with underlying conditions that may predispose them to infections such as advanced or poorly controlled diabetes. Monitor patients closely for the development of signs and symptoms of infection during and after treatment with ENBREL, including the possible development of TB in patients who tested negative for latent TB prior to initiating therapy.

MALIGNANCIES

Lymphoma and other malignancies, some fatal, have been reported in children and adolescent patients treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blockers, including ENBREL.

In adult clinical trials of all TNF blockers, more cases of lymphoma were seen compared to control patients. The risk of lymphoma may be up to several-fold higher in RA patients. The role of TNF blocker therapy in the development of malignancies is unknown.

Cases of acute and chronic leukemia have been reported in association with postmarketing TNF blocker use in RA and other indications. The risk of leukemia may be higher in patients with RA (approximately 2-fold) than the general population.

Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) have been reported in patients treated with TNF blockers, including ENBREL. Periodic skin examinations should be considered for all patients at increased risk for skin cancer.

Pediatric Patients

In patients who initiated therapy at ≤18 years of age, approximately half of the reported malignancies were lymphomas (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). Other cases included rare malignancies usually associated with immunosuppression and malignancies that are not usually observed in children and adolescents. Most of the patients were receiving concomitant immunosuppressants.

NEUROLOGIC REACTIONS

Treatment with TNF-blocking agents, including ENBREL, has been associated with rare (<0.1%) cases of new onset or exacerbation of central nervous system demyelinating disorders, some presenting with mental status changes and some associated with permanent disability, and with peripheral nervous system demyelinating disorders. Cases of transverse myelitis, optic neuritis, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndromes, other peripheral demyelinating neuropathies, and new onset or exacerbation of seizure disorders have been reported in postmarketing experience with ENBREL therapy. Prescribers should exercise caution in considering the use of ENBREL in patients with preexisting or recent-onset central or peripheral nervous system demyelinating disorders.

NEW ONSET OR WORSENING OF HEART FAILURE

Cases of worsening congestive heart failure (CHF) and, rarely, new-onset cases have been reported in patients taking ENBREL. Caution should be used when using ENBREL in patients with CHF. These patients should be carefully monitored.

HEMATOLOGIC REACTIONS

Rare cases of pancytopenia, including aplastic anemia, some fatal, have been reported. The causal relationship to ENBREL therapy remains unclear. Exercise caution when considering ENBREL in patients who have a previous history of significant hematologic abnormalities. Advise patients to seek immediate medical attention if they develop signs or symptoms of blood dyscrasias or infection. Consider discontinuing ENBREL if significant hematologic abnormalities are confirmed.

HEPATITIS B REACTIVATION

Reactivation of hepatitis B has been reported in patients who were previously infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and received concomitant TNF-blocking agents, including ENBREL. Most reports occurred in patients also taking immunosuppressive agents, which may contribute to hepatitis B reactivation. Exercise caution when considering ENBREL in these patients.

ALLERGIC REACTIONS

Allergic reactions associated with administration of ENBREL during clinical trials have been reported in <2% of patients. If an anaphylactic reaction or other serious allergic reaction occurs, discontinue administration of ENBREL and initiate appropriate therapy immediately.

IMMUNIZATIONS

Avoid concurrent administration of live vaccines with ENBREL. Patients, if possible, should be brought up to date with all immunizations prior to initiating ENBREL. In patients with exposure to varicella virus, temporarily discontinue ENBREL and consider prophylactic treatment with Varicella Zoster Immune Globulin.

AUTOIMMUNITY

Autoantibodies may develop with ENBREL, and rarely lupus-like syndrome or autoimmune hepatitis may occur. These may resolve upon withdrawal of ENBREL. Stop ENBREL if findings suggestive of lupus-like syndrome or autoimmune hepatitis develop and evaluate the patient.

NOT RECOMMENDED FOR GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS PATIENTS ON IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS

The use of ENBREL in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis receiving immunosuppressive agents (eg, cyclophosphamide) is not recommended.

INCREASED MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATE TO SEVERE ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS

Based on a study of patients treated for alcoholic hepatitis, exercise caution when using ENBREL in patients with moderate to severe alcoholic hepatitis.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

The most commonly reported adverse reactions in RA clinical trials were injection site reaction and infection. In clinical trials of all other adult indications, adverse reactions were similar to those reported in RA clinical trials.

In general, the adverse reactions in pediatric patients were similar in frequency and type as those seen in adult patients. The types of infections reported in pediatric patients were generally mild and consistent with those commonly seen in the general pediatric population.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

The use of ENBREL in patients receiving concurrent cyclophosphamide therapy is not recommended. The risk of serious infection may increase with concomitant use of abatacept therapy. Concurrent therapy with ENBREL and anakinra is not recommended. Hypoglycemia has been reported following initiation of ENBREL therapy in patients receiving medication for diabetes, necessitating a reduction in anti-diabetic medication in some of these patients.

Please see Prescribing Information and Medication Guide.

INDICATIONS

ENBREL is indicated for reducing signs and symptoms, inducing major clinical response, inhibiting the progression of structural damage, and improving physical function in patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis. ENBREL can be initiated in combination with methotrexate (MTX) or used alone.

ENBREL is indicated for reducing signs and symptoms of moderately to severely active polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis in patients 2 years of age and older.

ENBREL is indicated for reducing signs and symptoms, inhibiting the progression of structural damage of active arthritis, and improving physical function in adult patients with psoriatic arthritis. ENBREL can be used with or without MTX.

ENBREL is indicated for reducing signs and symptoms in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis.

ENBREL is indicated for the treatment of patients 4 years or older with chronic moderate to severe plaque psoriasis (PsO) who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy.

ENBREL is indicated for the treatment of active juvenile psoriatic arthritis in pediatric patients 2 years of age and older.

Prescription Enbrel® (etanercept) is administered by injection.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION AND INDICATIONS

SERIOUS INFECTIONS

Patients treated with ENBREL are at increased risk for developing serious infections that may lead to hospitalization or death. Most patients who developed these infections were taking concomitant immunosuppressants such as methotrexate or corticosteroids or were predisposed to infection because of their underlying disease. ENBREL should not be initiated

Patients treated with ENBREL are at increased risk for developing serious infections that may lead to

References:

  1. Gordon KB, Gottlieb AB, Leonardi CL, et al. Clinical response in psoriasis patients discontinued from and then reinitiated on etanercept therapy. J Dermatolog Treat. 2006;17:9-17.
  2. Leonardi CL, Powers JL, Matheson RT, et al; for the Etanercept Psoriasis Study Group. Etanercept as monotherapy in patients with psoriasis. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:2014-2022.
  3. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 1639. October 8, 2003.
  4. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 115. November 28, 2005.
  5. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 1639 3 Month. June 11, 2003.
  6. Enbrel® (etanercept) Prescribing Information. Thousand Oaks, CA: Immunex Corporation.
  7. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 115 Subanalysis. December 21, 2009.
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  9. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 115 Biostats Memo. October 18, 2011.
  10. Papp KA, Tyring S, Lahfa M, et al; for the Etanercept Psoriasis Study Group. A global phase III randomized controlled trial of etanercept in psoriasis: safety, efficacy, and effect of dose reduction. Br J Dermatol. 2005;152:1304-1312.
  11. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 1642. October 8, 2003.
  12. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 1642. May 29, 2003.
  13. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 1642 Subanalysis. May 31, 2007.
  14. Data on file, Amgen; 1642 Subanalysis Patient PASI Data. May 25, 2007.
  15. Data on file, Amgen; 1642 Subanalysis Patient PASI Data Photos. May 25, 2007.
  16. Tyring S, Gordon KB, Poulin Y, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of 50 mg of etanercept twice weekly in patients with psoriasis. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143:719-726.
  17. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 20030117 Week 12 Readout. June 17, 2004.
  18. Bagel J, Lynde C, Tyring S, Kricorian G, et al. Moderate to severe plaque psoriasis with scalp involvement: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of etanercept. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67:86-92.
  19. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 20080014. July 22, 2010.
  20. Data on file, Amgen; Biostats Memorandum Psoriasis Flares in Pivotal Studies. May 11, 2016.
  21. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 20080014 Scalp Photos. July 22, 2010.
  22. National Psoriasis Foundation Website. About Psoriatic Arthritis. https://www.psoriasis.org/about-psoriatic-arthritis. Accessed August 28, 2019.
  23. Paller AS, Siegfried EC, Pariser DM, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of etanercept in children and adolescents with plaque psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74:280-287.
  24. Paller AS, Siegfried EC, Langley RG, et al; for the Etanercept Pediatric Psoriasis Study Group. Etanercept treatment for children and adolescents with plaque psoriasis. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:241-251.
  25. Data on file, Amgen; Number of Subjects with Baseline Weight Over Certain Threshold. September 20, 2016.
  26. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 20050111 Pediatric Psoriasis Open-Label Extension. June 1, 2012.
  27. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 20030211 Pediatric Psoriasis Double-Blind. September 18, 2006.
  28. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 20030211 Pediatric Final Report. July 16, 2007.
  29. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 20050111 Pediatric Psoriasis Open-Label Extension PASI 50, 75, 90 Baseline to Week 264.
  30. Data on file, Amgen; CSR 20050111 Pediatric Psoriasis Open-Label Extension sPGA Baseline to Week 264. April 21, 2017.
  31. Data on file, Amgen; Pediatric CSR 20030211 PsO PASI 75 and Weight.
  32. Barlow SE; Expert Committee. Expert committee recommendations regarding the prevention, assessment, and treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity: summary report. Pediatrics. 2007;120(suppl 4):S164-S192.